Ibunka!_Unit 10 / OSF 10

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『Ibunka!』のUnit 10とOSF 10のデジタルブックです。

www.ibunka.jp

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Part 1 You and Your Culture

SURVEY WARM - UP

WARM-UP SURVEY

Answer the following questions about your daily life.

What kind of favors do you ask of people around you? Who do you usually ask?

Think about your best friend from high school. Which of these favors would you be comfortable asking of them?

family members

close friends classmates teachers

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Are you more comfortable asking favors from people older than you, or people younger than you? Æ rank these groups 1,2,3 in order of most to least comfortable

When you ask someone for a favor, do you expect that you will have to repay it?

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When you ask someone your own age for a favor, do you …

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1. First, write your answers to Questions 1~5 in full sentences, giving reasons and opinions where you can.

INTERVIEW

Q1: What kinds of favors do you ask of people around you? Who do you ask? ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Q2: Are you more comfortable asking favors from people older than you, or younger than you? ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Q3: When you ask someone your age for a favor, how do you go about it? ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Q4: What kinds of favors could you ask of your best friend from high school? ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Q5: When you ask someone for a favor, do you expect that you will have to repay it? ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Ask the survey questions to several classmates and make notes of their answers.

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z most comforta GQJ TQIJW UJTUQJ z least comforta GQJ HQFXXRFYJX

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proved skills

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EXPRESSION 1

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EXPRESSION 2

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Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄ$VNLQJ D )DYRU 64

People in Other Cultures Part 2

People from a range of cultural backgrounds responded to the ΖEXQND 6XUYH\ on this topic. Here DUH D IHZ RI WKHLU UHVSRQVHV IRU \RX WR UHDG DQG WKLQN DERXW

SURVEY

Q1 An expert on American and French cultures* has observed that Americans tend to directly ask favors of their friends. In contrast, French people tend to indirectly hint DW D SUREOHP WKH\ DUH KDYLQJ DQG ZDLW IRU WKHLU IULHQGV WR R΍HU KHOS 'RHV WKDW PDWFK your personal experience? How do people do this in the culture you grew up in?

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As a French person, I agree with the remark concerning French society. When I need help, I tend to just talk to my friends about my problems without asking for help directly, in order to avoid putting pressure on them.

Marie )UHQFK DUWLVW OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-01

I suppose that Americans are rather direct. Especially with people we're close to, we just say, "Hey, could you do me a favor?" or use some other casual expression. And it can be okay to say no to a request without suffering any lasting damage to the relationship.

Joey $PHULFDQ WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-02

Australians generally ask favors of others directly but politely. I have the feeling that hinting at a problem might be seen as slippery or even somehow dishonest, since it’s generally a culture which prides itself on straight, honest communication.

Lesley $XVWUDOLDQ ELRORJLVW KDV OLYHG LQ -DSDQ

10-03

In Japan, my experience is that usually it is enough to describe your problem, and the other person will understand that you are asking for help. In that sense, it is the complete opposite of Hungary. In Hungary, if you were to ask a favor simply by describing your situation, you would probably receive a response like "So?" or "I see."

Patricia +XQJDULDQ VWXGHQW OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-04

COMPREHENSION 1

Read the responses and mark the statements true or false .

True False

VOCABULARY

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COMPREHENSION 2

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Q2 In your culture, or the foreign cultures you have lived in, how do people repay the social obligations that come with asking favors or receiving gifts?

In Japan, people keep track of social debt! This is a reason why people presents so often, even when they someone's home. Any sort of imposition must be compensated for. It's a "give and " society, as my Japanese wife often says. I guess people are very aware of this, and maybe that’s why they don’t often for favors.

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Jerry $PHULFDQ FDUSHQWHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-05

I have the impression that Japanese people tend not to ask for help, probably because it makes them to the person who helped them. And I’m that many Japanese people I know give gifts in return for gifts, favors, or simply putting others out.

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Scott $XVWUDOLDQ WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ KDV OLYHG LQ WKH 8.

10-06

In Pakistan, people usually ask directly for favors, but I think we tend to change our depending on what we’re asking for, and who we’re asking. In return, Pakistani people invite others for a at their home or a restaurant. Or if we go to someone’s house, we always take some fruit or . There is a strong of returning favors.

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Ali 3DNLVWDQL VWXGHQW OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-07

Which one of the survey responses on pages 65 and 66 was most interesting to you? Explain your choice, using the patterns below as a starting point. Then discuss it with classmates.

DISCUSSION

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COMPREHENSION 3

Read the responses and mark the statements true or false .

There is a Japanese expression that goes, "A small kindness can incur a big debt for others" (chisa na shinsetsu, ookina sewa). I don't want to make trouble for another person, so I don't want to just thoughtlessly offer my help, and end up burdening them. I only offer help after carefully observing the other person’s needs. I am also cautious of offers of help KWTR TYMJWX GJHFZXJ XTRJYNRJX YMJNW X^RUFYM^ NX TSQ^ XZUJWƳHNFQ

Mariko -DSDQHVH HGLWRU KDV OLYHG LQ (QJODQG

10-08

In Japanese, there are euphemistic phrases used to politely turn down an offer of help, which might not be perceived as refusals by people outside of the culture. For example, "I'll consider it," "That sounds OK," or "That might be a good idea." I feel that this kind of language sometimes leads to misunderstandings when translated directly into English.

Yoshi -DSDQHVH -Ζ&$ RYHUVHDV YROXQWHHU KDV OLYHG LQ 1HSDO

10-09

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Juan 0H[LFDQ WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ

10-10

True False

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Draw a simple PDQJD based on the topic of this unit. It may be from your experience or your imagination.

CREATIVITY

VOCABULARY

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10 Asking a Favor

One Step Further ACTIVITIES

Here are some more responses from the Ibunka Survey on the topic of asking favors. Let’s examine them for underlying cultural trends. We can see that the language in many responses hints at two basic patterns.

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SURVEY

LOOKING FOR PATTERNS

CULTURAL PATTERN A: Ask favors directly In some cultures, it is considered respectful to ask favors from friends and acquaintances in a straightfoward manner.

CULTURAL PATTERN B: Ask favors indirectly In other cultures, hinting at one’s problem and ZDLWLQJ IRU IULHQGV DQG DFTXDLQWDQFHV WR R΍HU WKHLU help is considered respectful.

Read through the Ibunka Survey responses below. Highlight in one color the words and phrases that hint at Cultural Pattern A: Ask favors directly DQG LQ DQRWKHU FRORU WKH SDUWV WKDW UHȵHFW Cultural Pattern B: Ask favors indirectly. You can work and discuss this in pairs or small groups.

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Write a paragraph on the topic of asking and receiving favors. Include your opinions and reactions to the cultural patterns you found in these survey responses.

EXPRESSION

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