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CULTURAL PATTERN A: Give your all In these cultures, it is admirable to work or study to your physical and mental limit. This means that you may sleep little at night, and rest wherever and whenever you can.

CULTURAL PATTERN B: Manage your energy This cultural value is about getting a decent amount of sleep, and maintaining a regular bedtime and wake- XS WLPH LQ RUGHU WR EH VKDUS DQG HɝFLHQW IRU ZRUN RU studies.

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Many Japanese people seem not to get enough sleep. It is amazing to see them falling asleep on public transportation at any time of the day, some even while standing up. Although my classes are very active (students have to talk a lot during the class) I've had a couple of students who couldn't help but nose-dive in the middle of an activity. This is something I've never seen in France. When I ask them why they are always tired, they usually tell me that they have a part-time HTS[JSNJSHJ XYTWJ OTG YMFY ƳSNXMJX [JW^ QFYJ FY SNLMY XTRJYNRJX J[JS NS YMJ RTWSNSL OZXY before class. From my point of view it's bad management of their sleep time, but I also get the sense that young Japanese people don't think that sleep is so vital! )UHQFK PDOH WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ In Canada a lot of people are concerned about how much sleep they get. There are occasional stories on the evening news or in the newspaper about the importance of sleep. From these stories, it sounds like people are not sleeping enough. &DQDGLDQ PDOH HPSOR\HH OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 2 I have the impression that Japanese people have a very special relationship with sleep, as if they consider it a waste of time, but a pleasant waste of time. They sleep when they can (on the train, in the middle of a family gathering, at work, etc) but they have only very short sleeps at night. For me, Japan is the paradise of naps. ΖULVK IHPDOH MRXUQDOLVW OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 3 My experience here in Japan is that people stay up too late, more so in the cities, though. In the countryside, folks tend to sleep better, and are more in tune with nature. However, the fact that many have hard jobs and long commutes means that sleep is quite lacking for many, as is evidenced by how often people sleep in public. It’s interesting to me how tolerated this is. $PHULFDQ PDOH WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 4

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